Abstract:Full-dimensional coverage in 5G/6G communications faces challenges such as high system complexity，substantial hardware costs，and elevated energy consumption. Reconfigurable metasurfaces are regarded as a potential solution. However， traditional reconfigurable metasurfaces relying on printed circuit board technology suffer from high manufacturing costs， prolonged production cycles，and demands high energy in large-scale applications. To address these issues，this study proposes a novel paper-based intelligent reflection surface（IRS）that modulates electromagnetic waves by adjusting the distribution of metal patches to achieve specific scattering effects. Firstly，the amplitude and phase responses of the unit are analyzed through finite element simulations. Secondly， four distinct coding patterns are designed based on electromagnetic scattering theory. Finally，experiments are conducted to validate the beam-steering capabilities of these coding patterns. The experimental results show strong agreement with simulations，confirming the feasibility of the design. The proposed IRS is low-cost，lightweight， easy to manufacture，and recyclable，making it suitable for sustainable communication networks. This innovation provides an efficient，low-power solution for enhancing network coverage and capacity in 5G/6G networks.